The phrase "throw the book at" typically means to prosecute or punish someone to the fullest extent of the law. Antonyms for this phrase may include showing leniency, providing mercy, or being forgiving. Synonyms for the phrase may include reprimand, admonish, or chastise. Depending on the context and situation, other antonyms for "throw the book at" may include relieving someone of responsibility, offering a second chance or setting aside a punishment. These antonyms reflect a more compassionate and understanding approach to addressing problems, rather than jumping straight to punishment.