Solution chromatography refers to the process of separating and identifying components in a solution using various techniques. The term chromatography itself brings to mind words such as separation, purification, and identification. Other synonyms for solution chromatography could include liquid chromatography, column chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These terms describe the same scientific process with different variations in technique or equipment used. Solution chromatography can also be further divided into different types based on the principles of separation involved such as ion-exchange chromatography, size-exclusion chromatography, and affinity chromatography. Whatever the terminology used, the science behind solution chromatography remains crucial in numerous fields including pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and environmental science.